Hello, there is something else in Indonesian that I don't understand :) Sometimes the word "ada" is used when there is is in the sentence. But sometimes it is not used. Also, sometimes "ke" sometimes "untuk" is used for the word "to". Untuk means both for and to. How can I separate?
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The literal translation of 'there is' is 'ada'. So you can always use it.
Sometimes Indonesian omit it in case like below:
You are asking with 'is there', and the answer is 'yes, there is'. So you can either say 'ya, ada', or just simply 'ya'. Both have same meaning.
Can you give example when 'ada' is not used for 'there is'?
I saw two examples. Someone is "Jendelanya ada di belakang?" For example, there is an island. It is said to act as am is, but
In the other, "Dapur nya dekat depan pintu". In this example, there is'nt is. Normally we use is in English of the same sentence. Sorry, I may be asking too many questions because I don't understand.
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hey, it's ok to ask many questions. I think I misread the question before. Translation of ada in those sentences is actually "there is". Indonesian does not have to be, it is a bit tricky to translate. for to be, maybe this topic can help.
I think I got it. So I'm still not quite sure but :) Then there is not exactly an am is in indonesian. That is, if I am explaining something, especially if I am making a definition, I use the expression adalah. When I say there's an apple there, I'll use ada for expressions like there is. But otherwise, I don't need to say adalah. Do I understand correctly?
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"ke" is to show destination, where someone or something is heading.
"to the toilet" = "ke toilet"
"to Argentina" = "ke Argentina"
"untuk" meaning:
- to show for who or for what: "for me" = "untuk saya"; "for breakfast" = "untuk sarapan"
- to show reason: "for that mistake, she is punished" = "untuk kesalahan itu, dia dihukum"; "for his family, he sacrifices himself" = "untuk keluarganya, dia mengorbankan dirinya"
- to show purpose/objectives: "box to store food" = "kotak untuk menyimpan makanan"; "pen to sign agreement" = "pena untuk menandatangani kesepakatan"
- during or for some amount of time: "for a few months" = "untuk beberapa bulan"
- already: "for the last time I tell you not to do it" = "untuk terakhir kalinya saya melarangmu melakukan itu"
I think this cover other definition of "to" plus all definition of "for".
I really understand this very well. It almost seems like I should use the expression "untuk" for all but orientation. Thank you. :)
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I forgot, when "to" is used in the sentences like this:
"I talk to my father" or
"I sent letter to my mother"
"to" is not translated as "ke" or "untuk". In this case, the translation of "to" is "kepada".
"Saya berbicara kepada ayah saya"
"Saya mengirim surat kepada ibu saya"