Merhaba Bisakah dia membaca buku cümlesinde baca=read iken neden kelime başına mem koyuyorum? Veya Bisakah dia berlari dengat cepat cümlesinde neden ber koymalıyım? Veya menggambar? Neden meng?
Ben bazı kullanımları tam olarak anlayamıyorum. Normalde Lari= run iken örneğin ingilizcede I run everyday diyebilirim. Ama endonezcede neden başına ber koyuyorum? Veya dengan= with veya by olarak kullanılmasına rağmen Ya dia membaca dengan sengat baik cümlesinde neden dengan koyuyorum? Yani dengan'a gerek var mı? Veya me masak? Neden direk masak diyemiyorum. Çok fazla soru sordum kusura bakmayın ama bugün işlediğim derste kafam çok karıştı.
Hello Bengisu.
Each affix has different purpose. Here is the function of me-.
You may realize by now that the most common function of me- is to state that the subject is doing something.
masak - cook (verb); memasak - doing cooking
baca - read (verb); membaca - doing reading
in this case, it is correct to just use the base word masak or baca, as it has the same meaning.
But in case of menggambar
gambar - drawing (noun) ; menggambar - to form a drawing / draw (verb)
it is necessary to use meng- as it transform the part of speech (from noun to verb) and change the meaning.
Your question about why mem- and meng-; maybe this topic about the mutation of me- can help.
About the word "dengan" in sentence "Dia membaca dengan sangat baik", if we try to translate it in English, it will be "She reads very well".
"Very well" here acts as an adverb. And to differentiate adverb from adjective in Indonesian, we use the word "dengan".
I hope this topic about Adverb in Indonesian can help.
As for ber- in berlari, I will be back for more explanation. But one of the function of ber- is "to do something".
lari - run ; berlari - doing running
Yes it is same with me-; for this I don't have any idea why use ber-, why not just me-.
And there are more affixes than me- and ber- in Indonesian. This topic lists them.
First of all, thank you very much for answering. A lot of the things you have written have helped me a lot. For example, when I review the topic title that you referred to only with the mutation, where should I use this variation in the meng- ambil mengambil example?. Or where is the difference in usage between membeli and beli ? So I can't use membeli in a place where I use beli? In short, why does this variation exist? Because as far as I understand, the past tense, etc. not. Here V2 is used in English. -ed coming. But there is no such use either. I hope I told you.
Well the me- in mengambil and membeli is both means that the subject is doing the activity described in verb. So this means that the sentence is an active voice. For how to create passive voice from active voice, you can check this topic.
I cannot really explain when you can use beli instead of membeli or ambil instead of mengambil in active sentence, because it is actually slang and it is more habitual than following some sort of rules. But beli and ambil is definitely used in imperative sentence, like "take it!" - "ambil itu!", or "please buy a book" - "tolong beli sebuah buku".
Thank you very much :)